Security concealed many facts in the case of killing of Suzan Tamim

Security concealed many facts in the case of killing of Suzan Tamim
Counsel said Ashraf Zahran judge Court of Appeal Ismailia The security services were involved in hiding many facts in the case of Hesham Talaat Mustafa, Suzan Tamim, also hid the fact many in the killing of protesters during the events of the revolution January 25 said Zahran, in comments to the "Cairo Station" on Tuesday evening that the beauty of Mubarak, Secretary of the policies the previous National Democratic Party is the one who ordered the withdrawal of the judicial inspection of the Judges Club, stressing that, Counselor Mahmoud Abu Leil and former justice minister was summoned by telephone by Dr. Zakaria Azmi, President of the Office of the President of the Republic to discuss this request House, Air Force, and the former president Mubarak was the worst judges, referring to Mubarak Use the former Minister Mamdouh Marei in the suppression of the judges.
The Zahran that the Board of Directors of the Judges Club Previous headed by Justice Zakaria Abdul Aziz was the worst periods for the system, stressing that the regime of President Mubarak was requiring judges to remain calm and not to escalate their demands, and said that prosecutors are the ones who gathered the evidence in the case of killing of demonstrators and Friday anger revealing that the devices Security did not help the prosecution to do its part in this incident.
Revealed Zahran that the Attorney General requested several actions of the security services and administrative control, but he was ignoring their request, Zahran said that the issues currently before the issues of revolution and not the issues of public opinion, which requires a time for decision and to issue final ruling on them and it is necessary to integrate the State Council and the issues State and administrative prosecution in the judicial one.
He Zahran said Chancellor Mamdouh Marei, and former Minister of Justice was in between a meeting of judges of former President Mubarak to the demands of judges to obtain their full independence, and stressed Zahran that the system use the judges to strike the Muslim Brotherhood candidate in the bar, pointing out that the choice of the Attorney General by President of the Republic makes him under obedience to the system.Zahran said that the former regime came former minister Mamdouh Marei, known for its xenophobia judges in retaliation for the Judges Club, stressing that he was forming a committee of complaints advisers with a view to controlling them.
Zahran and student adviser Adel Salam Gomaa step down from considering the issue of Habib Al-Adli, stressing that the issue of outsourcing adviser Adel Salam Gomaa offended the judges and so he can try and make a report to the President of the Supreme Judicial Council to investigate the incident.
On the issue of Hisham Talaat Zahran said that prosecutors receive the records of investigation and inquiry and verify it receives only stressing that the security services concealed many facts in that case and in the case of the discovery of new facts on which the reservation is re-investigated after the submission of the communication.

Mujahideen Sinai .. The heroism and sacrifices for the liberation of the land

Mujahideen Sinai .. The heroism and sacrifices for the liberation of the land
The role of the Bedouin and Egyptian fighters in the liberation of Sinai, not least the role of any soldier or officer in order to restore land and dignity, even the land of turquoise has been cleared of the last Israeli soldier on April 25, 1982.
On the occasion of celebrations marking 29 of the liberation of Sinai, we met with a number of Mujahideen of Sinai, and who have received medals and certificates of excellence award, in recognition of their efforts to protect the homeland.
Shahid Abdel Moneim Riad consolation
Says Mujahid, "Ismail my address" - winning the Order of Distinction from the first layer - that has accompanied the death of the team first, "Abdel-Moneim Riad," during the war of attrition and death, "Levy Eshkol," the Prime Minister of Israel, had wanted the occupation to force the people of Sinai to go to Tel Aviv to provide consolation, but they refused and set up the funeral of great martyr "Abdel-Moneim Riad," arrived in prayers for the souls of the martyrs of Egypt, which led to the anger of the Israeli occupation forces and carried out the attack on the city of El Arish, a result that was organized a general strike in all aspects of life in the city; where she was a group of young people to persuade shopkeepers to close their shops, as well as call for steadfastness in the face of occupation and resistance in all forms and at all levels.
Resistance in the streets of El Arish
The "Pilgrims Detector" - a Mujahideen Sinai - was formed resistance groups in the streets and fields of El-Arish, and attacked Israeli forces in their headquarters with grenades and explosives, as he is struggling, "Muhammad Muslim," hit the el-Arish airport and the camp of Bir al-Abed, and carried out the transfer of members of the Organization Sinai Arabic Bseartehma own occupation to hit the camps along the coastal road of Al-Arish to the Bar Lev Line.
Out of the Sinai
And confirms the Mujahid Shaykh, "Moussa Abu Rashid," that what he had done he and his colleagues had been to Egypt and Sinai, that precious part of the land of Egypt, and that he was at that time in thirty years of age in almost any prime of youth, and every single one of the Mujahideen undertake both charge or on its own, and they were helping some people out of the Sinai desert and across the sea, and most of them have been arrested have been released until after the Great October victory in the process of exchange of prisoners.
Internationalization of the Sinai
And speaks Sheikh, "Salem Mubarak Salman" for his late father, Sheikh Mubarak Al-Salman Issa - A Mujahideen - and winning the Order of Distinction, First Class, who died in 2001 and says that his father was among individuals who have the Israeli occupation of Sinai, has been arrested and imprisoned for 18 months in Israel's prisons.
He added that Israel's goal was the occupation of Sinai only, but it was aimed at the internationalization of the Sinai and separated from the mother country of Egypt; where Israel has established the good of the internationalization of the Sinai, and brought together all the elders in order to speak in front of international news agencies for their approval of the internationalization of the Sinai, and requested the establishment of an independent state for Egypt .. What was the elders only attend the conference and deceive Israel to meet the request, and was a surprise to the leadership of Israel, where stop-Sheikh, "Salem scratching" speaks on behalf of the elders of Sinai and says to the world news agencies: "We are Egyptians and we are confident in our leadership Egyptian," and thus the failure of the good strong chieftains Sinai and love for their country and their confidence in the leadership of Egypt, came up the great October victory and shattered the myth of Israel, and destroy the dream of isolation from her mother Sinai Egypt.
Gathering news and images
He says, "Salim Nassar, Moses": "obligatory Sinai east and west of the whole news and pictures of the occupation forces, and I and some comrades planted mines at the crossroads of periodicals of various Bbalozp, which led to an explosion pealed and the number of cars destroyed, death and killing all its members."
Or Mujahideen
And clarify or mujahideen "Fahima Nasar Solomon" wife struggling "Khalif future," Mayor of the Sinai during the occupation and Walt got a Medal of Courage from the first layer - and add as the wife of the Mayor of the Sinai, Israeli forces were entering her home every day to search for resistance fighters, and it was you meet with courage and denies the existence of a home, and after a period of her husband was arrested and enter the Israeli prisons and has been serving the Sinai and care for her children until the October War, with the release of her husband.
Wife of martyr
And says "Marzukp" - the wife of the martyr Suleiman Nasser - that her husband was martyred while doing a heroic job to deliver military figure to Port Said through the salt pans and on the shore pomegranate raided an Israeli patrol and his companion, insist the return of victory, and personal, which was Travgahma, and is considered the first martyr of the Sinai Arabic and was that in 1967, has received the name of the martyr of the Order of the Star of Sinai and a commemorative medal from President Anwar Sadat.

The fall of the Rafah missile during shelling between Israel and the Palestinians

The fall of the Rafah missile during shelling between Israel and the Palestinians
Security source confirmed the high-level Egyptian Rafah, on Thursday evening, a rocket landed inside the Egyptian territory during the shelling of the Palestinian resistance and the Israeli army.
The source said, in a statement to TOM, "The rocket landed in error, and later a huge explosion, in the area some 700 meters south of the Rafah land port, land in the Egyptian port at Kerem Shalom, Israel.
The security source - who preferred not to be identified - that the explosion was the latest state of panic and panic among the people of Rafah, the Egyptian, who had fled their homes after the blast, which caused a large hole is deep.
The source pointed out that after the explosion, I went directly to a security force dedicated to the location of the rocket to a questionnaire who fired them.
On the other hand, the higher the number of victims of aerial bombardment and artillery fire continued since the afternoon of the Gaza Strip into three witnesses including an elderly man and injured more than 28 others.
The injured farmer was seriously injured and amputation of the limbs by the bombing was carried out by reconnaissance aircraft targeted the Atatra area in the town of Beit Lahiya, north-west of the Gaza Strip and another was wounded in the shelling new eastern district of eastern Gaza City.
It is worth mentioning that there are 15 Israeli missile landed by mistake on the land of Egypt, during the war Alasirailip the recent Gaza, known as the''process''Alrsasalmsberb, but the missiles did not explode and there was no loss, because the Israeli side in control of missiles from a distance.The fall of the Rafah missile during shelling between Israel and the Palestinians
Security source confirmed the high-level Egyptian Rafah, on Thursday evening, a rocket landed inside the Egyptian territory during the shelling of the Palestinian resistance and the Israeli army.
The source said, in a statement to TOM, "The rocket landed in error, and later a huge explosion, in the area some 700 meters south of the Rafah land port, land in the Egyptian port at Kerem Shalom, Israel.
The security source - who preferred not to be identified - that the explosion was the latest state of panic and panic among the people of Rafah, the Egyptian, who had fled their homes after the blast, which caused a large hole is deep.
The source pointed out that after the explosion, I went directly to a security force dedicated to the location of the rocket to a questionnaire who fired them.
On the other hand, the higher the number of victims of aerial bombardment and artillery fire continued since the afternoon of the Gaza Strip into three witnesses including an elderly man and injured more than 28 others.
The injured farmer was seriously injured and amputation of the limbs by the bombing was carried out by reconnaissance aircraft targeted the Atatra area in the town of Beit Lahiya, north-west of the Gaza Strip and another was wounded in the shelling new eastern district of eastern Gaza City.
It is worth mentioning that there are 15 Israeli missile landed by mistake on the land of Egypt, during the war Alasirailip the recent Gaza, known as the''process''Alrsasalmsberb, but the missiles did not explode and there was no loss, because the Israeli side in control of missiles from a distance.

Fighting erupts in Gaza and the killing of five Palestinians in Israeli shelling

 Fighting erupts in Gaza and the killing of five Palestinians in Israeli shelling
- Fighting erupted in the Gaza Strip on Thursday after a shell hit a Palestinian anti-tank Israeli school bus, injuring two people and Israeli troops responded with artillery and air strike killed five Palestinians.
Palestinian medics said that at least 30 people were wounded in the attack by Israeli forces over the next three hours. The bombardment eased after the entry of the night.
The Palestinian was killed in the fifty years of age in the east of Gaza because of the shelling in the afternoon and four others were killed in air strikes in the south near the border with Egypt.
And wounded an Israeli boy from the bus passengers were seriously injured as the bus driver were injured. The Palestinian girl in the age of four among the injured in the Gaza Strip.
The Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas), which runs the Palestinian sector responsibility for the attack on the bus and said it was a response to Israel's killing of three Palestinian militants in an air strike on Saturday.
The aircraft bombed an Israeli F-16s, a large security compound of Hamas, an explosion rocked Gaza City, wounding one person and injured at least one.
He said Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu told a news conference during a visit to Prague, "We hope to accommodate this situation but we will not hesitate to take all necessary measures, whether offensive or defensive to protect our country and protecting our citizens."
The Israeli army said that 45 rockets and mortar bombs were fired from Gaza at Israel during the three hours in the heaviest shelling in weeks. There were no reports of casualties, another Israeli as a result.
The Palestinian News Agency (WAFA) Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas urged Western powers to intervene to stop "this aggression."
He also urged Palestinian militants not to give Israel a pretext to attack Gaza.
In the first known use to shield Israel's Iron Dome missile destroyed two rockets fired by Israel Aaatarazian two rockets fired from Gaza towards Israeli city of Ashkelon just north of Gaza.
Netanyahu said "our Iron Dome interceptor missile successfully intercepted Mqdhuvin."
And an Israeli helicopter fired a machine-gun fire at a target in Gaza for the first time since war broke out late December December 2008 and lasted three weeks. The plane fired a missile at a target in the central Gaza Strip.
Medics said the helicopter fire killed one person 17 years old, he was collecting scrap in Gaza's disused international airport. Three others were killed in the vicinity.
Palestinian sources said that militants in the Gaza Strip fired at the plane of the heavy machine gun.
A spokesman for the Israeli police said the bus was transporting students to their homes while her anti-tank missile fired from long range. He added that 40 students had left the bus just stopped in the last time before her.
The United States condemned the rocket attacks and expressed concern about the weapon that was used in injuring the bus.
The spokesman said Foreign Ministry spokesman Mark Toner "We are concerned in particular about reports that show use of a weapon advanced anti-tank missile in an attack on civilians."
He noted that all states are obliged under the UN Security Council resolutions preventing the smuggling of weapons and ammunition.
And Defence Minister Ehud Barak issued a statement which he said he ordered the army "to take the necessary steps quickly and to respond to the attack," and that Israel holds Hamas responsible for all the events that are happening in the Gaza Strip.
The attacks came on Thursday after a relative lull in attacks across the border between Gaza and Israel after a sudden escalation in violence last month, killing 16 Palestinians, at least.
The Israel and Hamas to their readiness to return to the cease-fire that has kept the border relatively secure since the war launched by Israel on Gaza in late December in December 2008 and spread to mid-January, January 2009.
A spokesman for Hamas on Thursday, want to return once again calm in tense confrontation.

Assad is trying to satisfy the Kurds after unrest

Assad is trying to satisfy the Kurds after unrest
- Granting of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad on Thursday to sexual Kurds in eastern Syria in an effort to calm the discontent of the Ba'athist regime of strict stretching for nearly five decades and to address the pro-democracy protests.
Faced Assad's rule extended for 11 years, the most serious challenges when mass protests erupted in parts of Syria, which is mainly Sunni population to demand an end a state of emergency imposed since decades and one-party rule.
More than 70 people in protests that inspired popular uprisings across the Arab world.
Ten people were killed last Friday at least always in a suburb of Damascus. This is the suburb next point of the protests after protesters staged a sit outside a mosque.
Did not bear the ruling elite in Syria, mostly from Alawite any opposition and used emergency laws to justify arbitrary arrests, including arrests of other minorities such as Kurds, who say they face discrimination.
Assad came gesture towards the Kurds, who represent ten percent of the population of Syria's 20 million people, after reports that the authorities freed 48 prisoners and a Kurdish president met with leaders in the region of Hasakah East, where many of the Kurds in earlier this week.
It was not immediately the number of Kurds who will benefit from the decision to grant citizenship, but about 150 thousand Kurds are registered as foreigners at least as a result of a census in 1962 in Hasaka.
But the Syrian Kurdish leader Ibrahim Habib said that Syria's Kurds will continue peaceful struggle for civil rights and democracy.
Said Ibrahim, who heads the Kurdish Democratic Unity Party told Reuters, "our cause is democracy for all Syria. Citizenship is the right of every Syrian and not a favor."
Assad launched a crackdown on the Kurds when they have organized violent protests against the state in 2004. The Kurds are not allowed to teach Kurdish in schools and can not establish a Kurdish radio stations.
Syria has increased the number of arrests of Kurdish activists since the uprisings toppled two Presidents of Tunisia and Egypt, after decades spent in each power.
And human rights activists said on Thursday that the Syrian authorities on Wednesday arrested Sheikh Imad Rasheed, a senior cleric who supported the protests.
State television said Assad also said the Governor of Homs isolate one of the areas that witnessed clashes during protests. And officials have blamed on armed groups to open fire on citizens in Homs on Friday.
It is unlikely that the gesture will satisfy some of the protesters, who they blame for the killing of demonstrators on the security forces and expressed their dissatisfaction with the limited steps taken by Assad to address their complaints, especially ending the state of emergency.
And cost-Assad to the Commission to enact anti-terrorism law to replace the emergency law, but critics say the change would give the State the same powers to a large extent.
And isolate Assad also governor of Dara, which broke the first of the protests three weeks ago.
Dismissed Assad said last week his government was appointed at a later time, Agriculture Minister Adel Safar to form a new government. The SANA news agency reported on Thursday that the expected announcement of a new government next week.
But Abdul-Halim Khaddam, a former deputy to the Syrian president resigned and defected to the Baath party in 2005, he said that the steps taken by Assad regarding the reform does not deal with the crux of the problem.
He called for Khaddam, who criticized by the opposition because of the many years he spent in the service of the Baath Party to adopt a new constitution of parliamentary democracy.
He told reporters in Brussels that the system has become obsolete and can not continue to work in his condition.
In an attempt to appease conservative Islamists rose Syria on Wednesday a ban on teachers wearing the veil and ordered the closure of the only casino in the country.
And narrowing of many Sunni tribes, the accumulation of wealth and power to the Alevis are a branch of the Shiites.
And urged the Western powers and Turkey's northern neighbor al-Assad to hold the concrete reforms and criticized the violence against the protesters.
The Baath Party said in a statement that "the Syrian Arab people under the leadership of President Bashar al-Assad will address attempts to destabilize the security and incitement of national unity and promote cohesion between the leader and the people .. and not to be drawn behind the shady schemes." Gave Assad blamed the unrest on foreign conspiracy against Syria.

Chairman of the Commission denies nuclear Manscher contract with the consultant on the plants

Chairman of the Commission denies nuclear Manscher contract with the consultant on the plants
Denied Dr. Yassin Mohamed Ibrahim, Chairman of the nuclear plants to generate electricity, health published by some newspapers about the contract with the consultant nuclear power plants, pointing out that this information is completed to reality.
Dr. Yassin Mohamed Ibrahim - said in a statement on Wednesday - that the value of the contract amounted to 900 million pounds spread over two phases of duration of total 9 years, where the contract has been signed on the first phase and include the modernization of studies Dabaa site in accordance with the codes and standards current and to prepare a report of security that will provide security for the device to obtain a license to the site, as well as to study and evaluate new sites and preparation of the strategies needed to assess the available technologies and ways to secure long-term supply of nuclear fuel and raise the proportion of local participation in the various stages of the establishment of the station and the means of financing.
The first phase also includes the preparation of quality programs and standards and procedures for subtraction, as well as technical and financial evaluation, negotiation and preparation of the contract, as well as implementing training programs and rehabilitation of human resources, where the end of such contract for the construction phase of the signing of the first nuclear station.
He added that when the contract to establish a nuclear plant will be contracted on the second phase, which includes the provision of services in the construction phase of the station, and project management, and contribute to the supervision and monitoring of implementation, and preparation of project team, together with an assessment and review of designs submitted by the contractor implementation and testing associated with, as well as the associated tests, and tests of startup, and linking the national grid.
He noted that Dr. Hassan Younis, Minister of Electricity and Energy request to refer this matter to the Attorney General's order to evacuate him to the truth and maintain the reputation of the workers in this great project.

Sudan accuses Israel of launching an attack near Port Sudan

Sudan accuses Israel of launching an attack near Port Sudan
Sudan accused Israel of launching a rocket attack killed two people near the port of Port Sudan in the attack raised concerns about the capacity of Khartoum to stop the smuggling of arms across the east of the country.
Analysts said the weapons were being smuggled into the Gaza Strip under Hamas control over the mountain passes in eastern Sudan, and reports said that Israel was behind the airstrike on a convoy of suspected weapons smugglers in the region in 2009. Israel did not acknowledge it or deny.
He said Sudanese Foreign Minister Ali Karti, told reporters that an Israeli attack is certainly referring to the attack that destroyed a car and killed its passengers near Port Sudan on Tuesday.
"The Sudanese government reserves the right to reply.
He declined spokesman Yigal Palmor Israeli Foreign Ministry to comment on the indictment.
The incident comes at a difficult moment for Khartoum, which hopes to raise its name from the U.S. list of state sponsors of terrorism to attract investment and to contain the feelings of discontent due to high prices and the separation of oil-rich south.
Karti, accused Khartoum of Israel, which considers the implementation of a hostile attack to spoil the chances of lifting the name of Sudan from the U.S. list of state sponsors of terrorism in Sudan and show a negative image.
He added that one of the dead a Sudanese citizen has nothing to do Islamists or the government does not know why his car was targeted. Karti did not provide details about the second victim.
Said Osman Mirghani, editor of independent power in Khartoum, said the airstrike targeted a likely arms smugglers for Hamas through eastern Sudan.
Mirghani added that this is very dangerous for the government because the Sudan is now entering the scope of terrorism in the region, referring to neighboring countries.
There were conflicting accounts of Sudanese officials on how to attack and the Sudanese police said a missile struck a car near the city yesterday, but a government official said that the attack was carried out by a foreign aircraft arriving from the Red Sea.
This is the second time in two years cast the blame on Israel as a state that carried out the attack probably in the region.
Sudanese officials said in 2009 that killed dozens of unidentified aircraft in a raid on a convoy of suspected weapons smugglers on the road to a remote in the East and Some reports have suggested the possibility that Israel is carried out to stop the flow of weapons into the Gaza Strip.
Hamas receives arms from the Sinai Peninsula where it is transported through tunnels. Sudan denies permit the transfer of illegal arms shipments across its territory.
The United States began steps this year to raise the Sudan from the list of state sponsors of terrorism after the peaceful referendum in January chose the people of southern secession. But Washington has stressed the need to Khartoum to meet all of the criteria under U.S. law before taking this step.
Karti's comments came minutes after the raid of his meeting with the new U.S. envoy to Sudan, Princeton Lyman, who said that Washington was working to normalize relations between the two countries.

U.S. condemns Syria's repression and put pressure on Assad to reform

U.S. condemns Syria's repression and put pressure on Assad to reform

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - The White House condemned on Friday the violent actions taken by Syria against anti-government protesters and urged Syrian President Bashar al-Assad to take immediate concrete steps toward reform.

Said Jim Carney, spokesman for U.S. President Barack Obama in a statement: "The Syrian government has an important opportunity to respond to the legitimate aspirations of the Syrian people."

He added: "Violence is not to respond to complaints of the Syrian people."

Benghazi (Libya) (AFP) - Libyan rebels signed an agreement with Qatar for the marketing of crude oil from areas they control in return for shipments of food and medicine and fuel, said an official of the Libyan opposition in Benghazi, a stronghold of the rebels east of the country, Friday.

Benghazi (Libya) (AFP) - Libyan rebels signed an agreement with Qatar for the marketing of crude oil from areas they control in return for shipments of food and medicine and fuel, said an official of the Libyan opposition in Benghazi, a stronghold of the rebels east of the country, Friday.
Ali Altarhuni in charge of oil and finance in the Transitional National Assembly, the executive body of the Libyan Opposition, "The government of Qatar has given its approval and signed it would sell crude oil to our agenda."
In the framework of the "exchange" aimed to circumvent the international sanctions against Libya, Qatar will sell the oil and will supply the rebels against the proceeds of humanitarian assistance, he said.
He announced that the rebels also hope to be able to buy weapons by oil revenues, "all kinds of weapons that can be found."
He added: "We have a list of weapons we need and trying to get different sources of supply", refusing to name the countries that could sell weapons of the rebels.
And this oil will not come from major oil estuaries in the east such as Ras noses and Brega, and that the rebels did not succeed in continuing their control for long before the attacks by al-Gaddafi, but the gnashing of the remote site to the south-east, which is controlled by the rebels steadily, he said.
The rebels say they can export one million barrels in the week, but they need to ship to move it.
Altarhuni said that "the only delay is in finding ships to transfer ... it's the only obstacle."
He did not want a company spokesman Qatar National Petroleum confirm this agreement.
And the rich Gulf state of Qatar, is the first Arab country to recognize the Transitional National Assembly and participated in international military operation which was launched under a UN mandate on 19 March.
The system was Colonel Muammar Gaddafi warned that he will pursue every company concluded oil agreements with rebels.

The results of the Battle of Hattin

The results of the Battle of Hattin
The defeat of the Crusaders in the battle of Hittin disastrous defeat, having lost the flower Frsanhm, which killed large numbers of soldiers and families with large numbers also. And became the house of the sacred within the reach of Salah al-Din, was among the prisoners King of Jerusalem and with him a hundred and fifty horsemen, and with them came when the fortress of Karak and other senior leaders of the Crusaders, at the best Salahuddin receive them, and ordered them with iced water, and did not give the time came, and when he drank the king of Jerusalem gave the rest to ud, then became angry Salah al-Din said: "This cursed did not drink water with my own ears Finale aspirations", then a speech and said his crimes and pumpkins with a burden, and then has to smite his neck, and said: "I vowed twice to kill him that conquered tags: one for wanted to walk to Mecca and Medina, and the other to the looting of the convoy and seized treacherously. "was that the righteousness of Salah al-Din with his right hand and hit the neck of the ud.
After the battle, it quickly forces occupied the Salah al-Din and his brother King just coastal cities, almost all the south of Tripoli: Acre, Beirut, Sidon, Jaffa, Caesarea, Ashkelon. And cut contacts with the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem Oorurba, also seized on the most important castles of the Crusaders, south of Tiberias, except al-Karak, crack de Montreal. In the second half of September 1187 forces besieged Jerusalem, Salah al-Din, was not able to small garrison to protect them from the pressure of 60 thousand men. Surrendered after six days, and in the October 2, 1187 opened the door and whisk the banner of Sultan Salahuddin yellow over Jerusalem. In November 1188 surrendered garrison Karak, and in April-May 1189 surrendered garrison crack de Montreal, and Fort Balfour last stronghold falls, and since then became what was known as the Kingdom of Jerusalem Latin mostly in the hands of Salah al-Din, was left to the Crusaders only Tyre, Tripoli, and a few fortifications and Fort Crack de Chevalier Fort (fort) in the east of Tartus. Kdody and fall of the Kingdom of Jerusalem to the call of the Pope of Rome to start the processing of the third crusade, which began in 1189.
Agent Saladin Jerusalem and its inhabitants treatment thinner and lighter than treat them invading Crusaders, before that one hundred year ago, killing Crusaders Andak all the people of Jerusalem, men and elderly, women and children and 70 000 were killed in the Al-Aqsa mosque, did not fall out of the Salah al-Din cruelty does not make sense nor destruction, but allowed to leave Jerusalem within 40 days after the payment of a ransom of 10 dinars a gold for every man, JD 5 gold for every woman, and one dinar for each child, and showed Salahuddin tolerant significantly with poor crusaders who were unable to pay tribute.

Events of the Battle of Hattin

Events of the Battle of Hattin
Burned Muslims herbs and shrubs on the battlefield, and took on the eyes water, pursuant to Tattiyc Crusaders and forcing them to come down to a clash with them and the Crusaders arrived to the plain, located between the lobby and Hittin launched Salahuddin attack fled to the hills of Hattin, trapping the Muslim forces hills, and I accept the night and the fighting stopped, the next day, July 4, 1187 In a severe heat and lack of drinking water, the battle of Hattin, Wolf Knights Crusaders, who have grouped themselves on the high Hittin clouds of smoke rising to the top, Valthm armies at a distance of two miles of Hattin, Vtdedat the ranks of the crusaders and decimated the arrows of the Muslim armies of the Crusaders, and then launched attack with swords and spears, killing and wounding and families a lot and gives thousands of them, and the Crusaders maneuver, providing the commander of cavalry Raymond III Prince of Tripoli ordered by Guy de Lusignan King of Jerusalem, and shifts his attack this force led by Taqi al-Din Omar, a surface on the Crusaders that they opened a gap in the ranks of Salah al-Din So they went where, and besieged the army of Saladin part of the Crusader army Vctrh into two halves. The battle lasted about 7 hours, respectively. Which killed thousands of wounded and dead, and signed by King Guy de Lusignan King of Jerusalem at the time in the families of Salah al-Din, in addition to the many leaders and barons, were the only survivors fled to a few hundred pictures and took refuge behind the walls.

Campaign Serbia

Campaign Serbia
Serbia is the campaign a military campaign launched by the Imperial Austria - Hungary against the Kingdom of Serbia in August 1914 about a month after the assassination of Crown Prince of Austria, Archduke Franz Faridinand 1914 in Sarajevo, which caused the outbreak of the First World War.
Involved in the campaign by the Kingdom of Montenegro, Serbia, Bulgaria, next to the side of the Austrian Empire and Kingdom of Serbia was able to mobilize a total of 420,000 troops to face the invasion of Austria but that the entry of Bulgaria and the war made its army from the south towards Serbia has compounded difficulties in the Serbian army.
Campaign ended the occupation of Bulgaria and the Austrian Empire, the territory of Serbia and Montenegro in November 1915 and the withdrawal of Serbian army and Tmrkzh on the island of Corfu, the Greek army, the Serbian army during the campaign losses amounted to 265 000 soldiers were killed and 450,000 civilian deaths, while lost kingdom Montigeru 3000 people from its army, only the wounded and prisoners.

War in 1914 German declaration of war on Russia

War in 1914 German declaration of war on Russia
Sarajevo after the accident that killed the heir to the throne of Austria, "Franz Ferdinand" the Austrian government sent a message with 10 points for the Serbian government as a threat by the Serbs and the conditions with the exception of one condition.
After a month of crisis, Austria declared war on Serbia on July 28, 1914, and this Declaration and the European alliances began mechanism at work and when Russia began to mobilize against Austria-Hungary, Germany declared war against Russia on 1 August. However, they also declared war on France on August 3 and began its invasion of the territory of the French penetration across Belgium, which prompted Britain to declare war on Germany on August 4 because of violations of the neutrality of Belgium in the Austro-Hungarian Empire declared war on Russia.
And remained Italy for a period of on the fence, in the desire to not be drawn to stand with one of the parties before it became obvious reality of the situation, as was the United States in isolation and overseas, and the Ottoman state anti historically Russia, which has grown its ties to Germany, did not enter the war until 29 October when the fleet bombarded Russian ports on the Black Sea.

Colonial rivalry

Colonial rivalry
Has resulted in progress of the industrial revolution to the evolution of imperialism advanced sharply to make the discharge of goods and access to raw materials and capital investment of the cases the European pressing but failed to find politicians to be solved only through the possession of colonies was to be a confrontation and conflict between the colonial powers themselves.
Also emerged as the dispute over control of the seas, especially among Britain, which sees itself as Lady of the Sea, Germany Almouhdpalte developed a fleet of high speed, also intensified the differences between Germany and France over the provinces of Alsace and Lorraine Teen annexing Germany to Italy after the war of 1870 was agreed by the States is also about the primacy of each of them in Morocco's occupation maximum.
Conflict between them has been known about this country (Morocco), the first two crises occurred in 1905 and 1906 and crossed through Germany for its adherence to its commercial interests in this country. The second crisis was signed in 1911, following the entry of German troops to Agadir and the threat of France to resort to the use of force, which also forced France to cede part of the colony of the Congo to Germany for a free hand in Morocco.

First World War

First World War
World War I, also called the Great War is the war in Europe and then spread to the rest of the world during the years between 1914 and 1918. The war began when the Empire of Austria-Hungary's invasion of the Kingdom of Serbia following the assassination of Crown Prince of Austria and his wife by a Serbian student during their visit to Sarajevo.
Russia has mobilized its troops one day after the declaration of war on Serbia Austria Germany Fbit troops on July 30 and August 1, mobilized its forces France. Germany declared war on Russia on the same day after being found not to respond to the Russians about Germany's abolition of the general mobilization of the army then declared war on France and invaded Belgium, prompting Britain to enter the war because of breach of German neutrality of Belgium, was the European countries before the war, the problem of two camps: The first Accord triple between Russia and France and the United Kingdom, while a triple alliance of the Empire and Austria-Hungary and Germany and Italy, although Italy entered the war on the side of the Allies.
Used for the first time chemical weapons in World War I as the bombing of civilians from the sky for the first time in history.
War saw the victims of human history, not seen before and fell dynasties and dominant on Europe and the origin of which date back to the Crusades, was changed the political map of Europe.
First World War is the seed of the movements and ideology Kalchioaip future conflicts as World War II, and even the Cold War.
War marked the beginning of the new world and the end of the European monarchies and aristocracies, and the Almwjaj of the Bolshevik revolution in Russia, which in turn brought about a change in Chinese policy and Cuban also paved the way for the Cold War between the two giants, the Soviet Union and the United States. Brightness and luster due to Nazi Germany's defeat in the war and left a lot of things on hold until after the war. The war took a new form of technology in methods of intervention greatly in matters of war and the entry of the parties can not afford to war or carrying a segment of civilians. After having fought wars Ptkabl competing armies on the battlefield away from the civilian, it was inhabited spaces of the battle which resulted in the fall of the millions of victims.
Russia has pledged to defend the sovereignty of Serbia, Russia moved troops arose as a result of pressure from Russian generals to defend the Serbs. Germany has demanded from Russia not to move troops and retreat of Russian troops on the state of readiness, and what did not comply with the demands of Russia, German, Germany declared war on Russia August 1, 1914 and the announcement last walkover against France on 3 August.

Winter of Constantinople

Winter of Constantinople
The Mcadd spend six months on the entry of Leo of Constantinople (March 25, 717), in September the same year, even the movement of Muslims from Bergamos towards the north, tell Lapidus located on the strait Dardanelles, and when he crossed the beach EU, and found themselves in front of the walls of Constantinople, while himself was a Navy pass the Dardanelles and the Sea of Marmara Sea on the besieged city. Astmat and Ilion (Leo III) to defend the city, blocked the entrances to the Bosphorus as a series of large iron and shipping soldiers on the walls to prevent Muslims from entering [5]. The work of the Muslim houses of wood he spent the winter, but the cold of winter was so harsh and severe Maany by Muslims many from hunger and disease, so they took the camels, horses and mules. Ilion, and also try to negotiate with the Bulgarians, who attacked the Muslims besieged the city from the EU side, and hearing the about, what caused the fire losses of the Greek fleet. And make matters worse, the complicity of Christian sailors who work with the Islamic Byzantine fleet, most of them have fled. The supplies arrived from Egypt about 400 vessels and 360 African ship during the spring of 718 / 99 e, but that did not alter the course of the war, and the city walls remained intractable on the Muslims [3]. Ftertpt these factors on the decline of the Islamic Fleet to the south, and during the decline encountered severe storms, many ships crashed and implemented the livelihoods of the soldiers, which led to the Muslims forced to lift the siege and return to Syria in August 718.

Help Bulgarians of Constantinople

Help Bulgarians of Constantinople
The narrow Muslim Ibn Abd al-Malik Bmhasrth on the people of Constantinople, and track routes and accounted for about kingdoms, wrote Alioune king of the Romans to the king of towers Istnzareth a Muslim woman, and says to him: do not have the mettle, but in the invitation to their religion, the closest of them next closest, and they When you poured me to conclude, no matter you are an architect then Vsnah now, when it proceeded to God in his cunning and deception, he wrote to a Muslim says to him: Alioune Istnsrni wrote to you, and I'm with you bid me what you want. Muslim wrote to him: I do not want you men not a number, but send us Balmirp Say it for our Alazoad. wrote to him: I have sent you a great market place to such and such, he sent and received from buying them. so angry Muslim who wills the military to go there and he bought him what he needs, he went the creation of many found there is an enormous market, the types of goods luggage and food, piled buy, and were preoccupied with this, and do not feel as'd have the bad from the ambushes between those mountains there, they went out to them suddenly one killing created a lot of Muslims and captured others, and returned to a Muslim, but few of them, says Greek references that killed Muslims of that process between 12.000 to 15.000 men, he wrote a Muslim so to his brother Solomon tells him what happened, it sent an army heavy company Shuraaheel Ben Obeida this, and ordered them to cross the Gulf of Constantinople first Viqatloa king of towers, and then return to a Muslim, went to the land of towers and cut them those bays, Vaguettheloa them a tough fight, Vhzmanm Muslims, God willing, and were killed, including his death a great and taking prisoners and captured created a lot, and concluded that prisoners Muslims, and Muslim Thizoa They were to have even brought everyone Omar bin Abdul Aziz, for fear of the scourge of the Roman them and their country, and tight live, and they have before it for a long time [2].

Home

Home
After a failed first attempt to open the e Constantinople in 54-60 (674-679 AD), try Caliph Sulayman bin Abdul Malik Asaker be sent to Constantinople, so the Musa Bin Naseer that it opens without cities and Alrsatiq and forts, until they reach the city not only intercourse have been demolished fortifications and Ohunt strength, If you do not left you, including mind, Viattoa their hands and surrender to you the country, and then consulted his brother Muslim, the official pointed him to let the lesser ones of the country and open them by force, when it opened, the rest of the lesser ones of the country, and forts hand, Solomon said : This opinion is then taken in the processing of the armies of Syria and the island of Syria and Mosul, the order of one hundred and twenty thousand fighters, and sent from the people of Egypt and Africa A boat in the sea they Omar bin Hubaira, and all the people his brother Muslim, and his son Daud bin Sulaiman bin Abdullah King in a group of people of his home, all for the advice of Musa ibn Nusair.
Then walked Solomon even took Mercidabık near Aleppo, gathered to him people also volunteer, gathered his Jund al-great never seen, and then ordered a Muslim woman to leave the armies, and took him Alioune Rumi Al Marashi, and then walked until they stopped at Constantinople, and laid siege to that has been with them and display tribute to her family only a Muslim but he refused to open them by force, they said: Ilion Nchaorh Fabos us, he sent him to them, they said to him: the response of these Asaker us and we give you Nmlkk and we went back to a Muslim, he said: I have responded to open them but they do not open them up to step down for them, said a Muslim: I am afraid Gdrick, swore to him that pays him the keys and, when he stepped down as they took them in the restoration of the destroyed walls, and prepared for the siege.

The siege of Constantinople II

The siege of Constantinople II
The siege of Muslims the second of Constantinople was between 98-100 AH / 717-718 AD in an attempt to conquer Constantinople, capital of the Byzantine Empire Army ground and naval fleet by the Umayyads the time of Caliph Suleiman ibn Abd al-Malik and the leadership of Muslim bin Abdul Malik, has long siege of 12 months and was unable to enter [4], because of the immunity walls, and attack the Bulgarians and the intensity of fire, the Greek and pouring down from the city, because of the betrayal of Ilion, who asked Muslims burning the food, and effort Muslims a great effort until the death of Caliph Suleiman and took after him, Omar bin Abdul Aziz, the Caliphate and the request of a Muslim return with his army [2]. May be seen as similar to that battle, the Battle of Tours which stopped the progress of Muslims to the east of Europe for 700 years until the time of the Ottomans.

Arab Wars Byzantine

Arab Wars Byzantine
Arab Byzantine wars are a series of wars between empires Arabic (Al Rashidiya and the Umayyad and Abbasid) against the Byzantine Empire during the seventh century and the twelfth century AD, began the wars during the reign of Caliphs and continued in this form until the Crusades. As a result, the Byzantines, the Romans called in order to mitigate their losses by continuing from the Arabs.
Continued conflict of 634 to 717, and ended the second Umayyad conquest campaign that has widened the conquests of the Arabs and the influence of the Umayyad dynasty to the continent of Asia, the conflict continued after that between 800 to 1169

Planning

Planning

    * In the period of the modern state was the commanders of the Egyptian army is to take the enemy by surprise. And were setting the date and place of battle. If not, the enemy were ready Iwgelunha for another appointment. In the late stage was the Egyptian army of mercenaries mostly from the Greeks.

    * The vehicle has become a frightening weapon of the Egyptian in the Egyptian army at the time, where drivers were skilled and they were quickly broke the enemy lines.

    * While the throwers throw from near the arches. The drivers were fighting shields to protect them and throwing arcs of fire from behind them. The vehicles with the ability to penetrate and disperse crowds to disperse them and the enemy can archers bows and spears to stab them.

    * The Egyptians continued to follow this tactic for 1500 years before becoming foreign mercenaries fighting for Egypt. Even the Greeks conquered Egypt in 332 BC and continued to control Egypt's foreign rule until the Battle of Actium in 30 BC and after Rome conquered Egypt, the Pharaonic era ended forever.

Methods of recruitment

Methods of recruitment

    * Alrmamsp era and the days of the Empire territories Almsalrip divided among the members of the Pharaonic court who were lorded own small kingdoms. It was the kingdoms is obliged to provide a share of the Alonfarlkl garrison in Egypt.

    * The recruiting men roam the cities and villages to gather recruits and registration of young powerful beings have never role after injury. They were united by the mayor or the city the headquarters of the Governor of the Territory given them the option to choose from. And the rest were responding to their villages. In this way, Egypt was the army of infantry.

    * Enter the Hyksos and the cart and the horse of war to Egypt during their occupation in 1900 BC. And the children of the elite in the New Kingdom accustomed to riding in chariots amended and became the Egyptian army and then campaign arrows, pedestrians and riders in chariots.

    * In 1275 BC Ramses II, his army Section 20-A in his campaign against Nubia in the south and the Hittites Baham, the four sections and each section is named after one of the major gods Amun and Ptah, West Devon.

    * Each section is divided by 20 companies and all confidential and all 250 soldiers divided the secret to becoming a 5 factions, each platoon 50 soldiers.

    * And the days of the New Kingdom the earth was divided between the king and the priests and soldiers equally. The soldiers were exempt from taxes and they were from all regions of Egypt. The soldiers were professional mercenaries from the Greeks, Libyans, Nubians and the people of the sea are treated better than the Egyptians and were Bakdon salaries of the gold coin minted in Greece or Persia days of Ramses III and Mneptah. They Bishoun Delta.

    * Egypt began coin to pay for the mercenaries, the Greeks since 360 BC and since the days of Amenhotep III in the Kingdom of modern army was composed of Pimp Egyptians and recruits compulsory and prisoners of war and the Egyptians who Ahtervoa military and mercenaries from the Libyans and the Nubians, especially in the late outdated where he became a mercenary make up most of the units of the Egyptian army. especially of the Libyans who ruled Egypt.

New Kingdom

New Kingdom

    * Changed the combat doctrine of the Egyptian defense to attack and invasion, and that after it became clear to them that their neighbors of other people want to occupy their land and therefore must be defended Egypt to create a strategic dimension in the territory of the other, making the New Kingdom founded by Camus's brother Ahmose established a regular army professional and coach for the first time in Egypt was an event of its weapons.

    * Making them expanding the borders of Egypt, and establish the largest empire in the world at the time of the north Anatolian Vahtml the Horn of Africa in the south and west of the Libyan desert to the Euphrates in the east, and this new army was supported by the Combined Arms and naval fleet.

    * Because the Egyptian army during the rule of the Hyksos Pharaohs, and even the infantry because of the equestrian horse and cart.

    * Extended the borders of Egypt in Asia for the first time days as a war of foreign conquest and Qaibp Euphrates in Iraq even against the days of King Thutmose I,.

    * This is the height of glory Msrccant capital good.

    * The days of Hatshepsut in the Kingdom of modern merchant ships headed for trade with the country girl. The crew of slaves for the rowing and the ships were going in the sea, white and red made in the Phoenician port of Byblos in Lebanon

    * And the days of the modern state was a regular professional army. The ships of trade and war. But battles are not relevant. The building of ships in AirAsia (Cyprus).

    * And the first naval battle won by Ramesses III to the peoples of the Sea. But the days of Thutmose III was carrying troops and equipment to the Asian coast to fight on land. This period saw the crisis with the Hittites and the peoples of the people of the sea and the battle of Kadesh Ramses II days.
And settled the Libyans in the Delta and ruled from Tanis, the capital.

    * In the south, the rule of Nubians from the south and took to the Mediterranean and ruled Egypt since 750 BC. M

    * The Assyrians were prevented from occupying the Delta even captured 673 years BC.

    * Bander Babylonians under King Nebuchadnezzar in 605 BC, the Persians led by King Cambyses in 525 BC and Alexander the Great in 332 BC. Then the Ptolemaic Greeks until the year 30 BC and the Romans since the year 30 BC and the rule of the Islamic year 639 AD.

The era of the Hyksos

The era of the Hyksos

    * The invasion of the Hyksos in 1789 BC. M. For a century the rule of the Hyksos kings, shepherds who came from the Semitic tribes of the Levant, and remained until the expulsion of Ahmose, the founder of modern Saudi Arabia.

    * During their occupation of Egypt, the Egyptians developed their military technology to match their army army Kings sponsors.
    * To enter the compound bow, which was beyond the range of normal arc-Masri, who was Bstaml by
    * And brought the horse and cart of war
    * And during the occupation Egyptians developed the vehicle and made the rear open for easy exit quickly when needed. And Zhzhawwa parking area driver it to be close to the axis of the calf or the wheel to reduce weight, and this has eased the burden on the horse, which was drawn, making it speeds by car
    * Enter the Hyksos and armor that you do not know from before the Pharaohs to protect the body and head above the hood So enter the skull and metal helmets over the head.

The old state and the unification of the two countries, King Narmer

The old state and the unification of the two countries, King Narmer

    * Egypt has become after the unification of the two countries in MENA 3200 BC and the elimination of the state and separatist strife deposit peaceful nature of the geographical closed by itself. The Egyptian army in all the dynasties of the strongest army, particularly in the modern state where he defeated the Hittites and the Egyptians, Romans and Greeks in a series of wars under the Egyptian king Ramses II

    * One of the reasons the power of the Egyptian army that did not depend on foreign mercenaries, but it depends on the summons and of compulsory service during the war was the Egyptian army as a whole Egyptians does not contain any other foreign elements.

    * Starting from the era of the Egyptians were building pyramids recruits mandatory in building and construction of buildings, seasonal days of flooding, the rich were paying for the cross-exempted.

    * The arming soldiers in the Old Kingdom is a primitive and batons and sticks, which is installed at the top of room, daggers and spears of copper.

    * Egypt was insulated from foreign wars in this ancient period of natural immunity.
Because the nature of Egyptian society, not of aggression against others. And military service was compulsory during the tribulation and internal wars. The soldiers were transported across the Nile in boats to areas of conflict and crisis days of the old local